FMHYedit/TorrentPiracyGuide.md

227 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
Raw Normal View History

2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
***
**[◄◄ Back to Wiki Index](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/index)**
***
***
**[Table of Contents](https://i.ibb.co/FKJVvHf/36473600b651.png)** - For mobile users
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
***
# ► [VPN Guide](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/adblock-vpn-privacy#wiki_.25BA_vpn)
***
# ► Torrent Clients
2023-04-05 04:25:41 +00:00
**Warning** - Make sure you [BIND](https://redd.it/ssy8vv) your VPN to your client to avoid ISP letters.
2021-12-30 03:45:25 +00:00
***
***[qBittorrent](https://www.qbittorrent.org/)** - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/ZBWZLvB/8519077d9320.png)
2022-10-20 23:45:38 +00:00
***[qBittorrent Tools](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/storage#wiki_qbitorrent_tools)**
2023-08-03 15:16:52 +00:00
***[Deluge](https://www.deluge-torrent.org/)** - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/HdwCH5Q/678a01f3b439.png)
***Deluge Tools** - [Plugins](https://dev.deluge-torrent.org/wiki/Plugins) / [Config](https://github.com/ratanakvlun/deluge-ltconfig/releases) / [Telegram Plugin](https://github.com/noam09/deluge-telegramer)
***[Transmission](https://transmissionbt.com/)** - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/z550kRy/571b08f4981e.png)
* [Tixati](https://tixati.com/) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/tPfyPRQ/b0683ce2eb49.png)
* [Motrix](https://motrix.app/) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/SQqrdpW/2950c09df08a.png) / [GitHub](https://github.com/agalwood/Motrix)
* [Picotorrent](https://picotorrent.org/) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/Pz4qb8Q/df96c0ff3912.png)
* [BiglyBT](https://www.biglybt.com/) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/5TRkt1t/bfe91a771679.png)
* [LIII](https://codecpack.co/download/LIII-BitTorrent-Client.html) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/jRJR1cX/cecb8c47451d.png)
2023-08-21 12:05:35 +00:00
* [PikaTorrent](https://www.pikatorrent.com/) - [Screenshot](https://ibb.co/zGyT1tc) / [GitHub](https://github.com/G-Ray/pikatorrent)
* [Distribyted](https://distribyted.com/) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/m8TQBPh/f5dfcb4b192f.png) / [GitHub](https://github.com/distribyted/distribyted)
* [Crawfish](https://github.com/drakonkat/Crawfish) - [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/DVVVdpG/8406bc7e0a39.png)
2023-05-04 02:11:46 +00:00
* [GoSpeed](https://github.com/GopeedLab/gopeed) - [Screenshot](https://github.com/GopeedLab/gopeed/blob/main/_docs/img/ui-demo.png)
* [Tribler](https://www.tribler.org/) - Tor-inspired Client / [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/k4jt0FJ/20d3bd279896.png) / [Github](https://github.com/Tribler/tribler)
* [aria2](https://aria2.github.io/) - Terminal Torrent Client / [Screenshot](https://i.ibb.co/SmsxmW3/3e213c54b148.png) / [Github](https://github.com/aria2/aria2) / [Download Bot](https://github.com/gaowanliang/DownloadBot) / [GUI](https://github.com/persepolisdm/persepolis) / [Frontend](http://ariang.mayswind.net/) / [WebUI](https://github.com/ziahamza/webui-aria2)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [XD-Torrent](https://xd-torrent.github.io/) - Anonymous P2P Torrent Client
* [libtorrent](https://www.libtorrent.org/) - C++ BitTorrent Client / [GitHub](https://github.com/arvidn/libtorrent)
2022-07-28 07:54:24 +00:00
* [BitSwarm](https://github.com/SuRGeoNix/BitSwarm/) - Bittorrent Client Library
* [Instant.io](https://instant.io/) - Stream Torrents in Browser
* [BTorrent](https://btorrent.xyz/) - Stream Torrents in Browser
2023-02-16 00:10:43 +00:00
* [Magnet Player](https://ferrolho.github.io/magnet-player/) - Stream Torrents in Browser
* [BitFord](https://github.com/astro/bitford) - Chrome
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [exatorrent](https://github.com/varbhat/exatorrent) - Self-Hosted Client
* [Rats Search](https://github.com/DEgITx/rats-search) - Torrent Search Client / [Screenshot](https://github.com/DEgITx/rats-search#screenshots)
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
* [Download Torrents Through I2P](https://decentnet.github.io/blog/20200329-download-torrents-through-i2p.html)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [SpreadsheetUI](https://github.com/JohnDoee/spreadsheetui) - Speadsheet Torrent webUI
2022-11-12 22:26:55 +00:00
* [flood](https://flood.js.org/) - rTorrent, Transmission & qBittorrent WebUI / [GitHub](https://github.com/jesec/flood)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [Remote Torrent Adder](https://github.com/bogenpirat/remote-torrent-adder) - Easily Send Torrents to Client
2022-08-29 01:32:39 +00:00
* [SeedCross](https://github.com/ccf-2012/seedcross) - Cross-Seed Utility
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
2023-02-15 23:56:02 +00:00
## ▷ Remote Torrenting
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
2023-02-15 23:56:02 +00:00
***[Torrent to GDrive](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/storage#wiki_torrent_to_gdrive)** - Download Torrents to Google Drive
***[from-torrent](https://multiup.org/en/upload/from-torrent)** - Torrent to DDL Sites / [Bypass 10GB Limit](https://pastebin.com/raw/QLGLLZ9d)
***[Seedr](https://www.seedr.cc/)** - [Telegram Bot](https://t.me/TorrentSeedrBot) / [API Wrapper](https://github.com/theabbie/seedr-api), [2](https://github.com/AnjanaMadu/SeedrAPI) - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
***[webtor](https://webtor.io/)** - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
* [Bitport](https://bitport.io/welcome) - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
* [TorrentSafe](https://www.torrentsafe.com/) - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
* [TorrentCheap](https://my.torrentcheap.com/) - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
* [ZBIGZ](https://zbigz.com/) - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
* [Loadbt](https://www.loadbt.com/) - Torrent to Cloud and Stream
2023-07-28 05:28:54 +00:00
* [Boby](https://boby.sh/) - Torrent to DDL
2023-03-21 14:07:56 +00:00
* [Demagnetize](http://demagnetize.link/) - Torrent to DDL
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
## ▷ [Android Clients](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/android#wiki_.25BA_android_torrenting)
***
2022-05-19 08:30:18 +00:00
## ▷ [iOS Clients](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/android#wiki_.25BA_ios_torrenting)
***
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
# ► Torrent Sites
2023-01-20 00:39:45 +00:00
**Note** - It's best to avoid sites that allow anyone to upload without consequence (like TPB) when getting both software and games.
2021-08-17 10:34:11 +00:00
***
2022-10-20 23:45:38 +00:00
***[Torrent CSE](https://cse.google.com/cse?cx=006516753008110874046:0led5tukccj)** / [CSE 2](https://cse.google.com/cse?cx=006516753008110874046:kh3piqxus6n) / [librex](https://github.com/hnhx/librex) - Multi Site Search
***[RuTracker](http://rutracker.org)**, [2](https://rutracker.nl/), [3](https://rutracker.net/) - Video / Audio / Games / Software / Android / Comics / Magazines / Use [Translator](https://github.com/FilipePS/Traduzir-paginas-web#install)
2022-11-04 13:43:02 +00:00
***RuTracker Tools** - [Addon](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/rutracker_torrent_search/) / [Search API](https://github.com/nikityy/rutracker-api)
2022-10-20 23:45:38 +00:00
***[TorrentGalaxy](https://torrentgalaxy.to/)** - Video / Audio / Games / Software / NSFW / [Mirrors](https://proxygalaxy.me/)
***[m0nkrus](http://w14.monkrus.ws/)** - Adobe Software Archive / [How-to](https://rentry.co/adobesoftware) / Use [Translator](https://github.com/FilipePS/Traduzir-paginas-web#install)
2023-08-07 11:43:52 +00:00
* [1337x](https://1337x.to/) - Video / Audio / NSFW / **[Avoid Software / Games](https://pastebin.com/Rc9MYMZ7)**
2023-08-07 11:40:00 +00:00
* 1337x Tools - [Mirrors](https://1337x.to/about) / [User Ranks](https://i.ibb.co/WfNhvtB/ebc2def26433.png) / [Discord Bot](https://github.com/brandongallagher1999/1337x-Bot) / [Telegram Bot](https://t.me/search_content_bot), [2](https://github.com/xbIm/1337x-torrent-telegram-bot) / [IMDb Ratings](https://github.com/kotylo/1337imdb) / [Proxy](https://redd.it/tz7nyx), [2](https://pastebin.com/3n5K0QrP) / [Enhancements](https://greasyfork.org/en/scripts/33379) / [Magnets](https://greasyfork.org/en/scripts/373230) / [Subtitles](https://greasyfork.org/en/scripts/29467) / [Timezone Fix](https://greasyfork.org/en/scripts/421635)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [GloTorrents](https://glodls.to) - Video / Audio / Games / Books / Software / Android / NSFW
* [MagnetDL](https://www.magnetdl.com/), [2]( https://www.magnetdl.org/) - Video / Audio / Games / Software / Books / [Onion](http://r5cena7erxpnxomyvoybuxh6fkgs55qqdg7bobf6yjx4j6vmywrqvlid.onion/)
2023-07-13 20:09:36 +00:00
* [YggTorrent](https://www3.yggtorrent.wtf/) - Video / Audio / Roms / Software / Books / Android / Comics
2022-08-23 09:25:44 +00:00
* [LimeTorrents](https://www.limetorrents.lol/) - Video / Audio / Software / Games / Books
2022-12-29 12:01:44 +00:00
* [IsoHunt](https://isohunts.to/) or [IsoHunt.nz](https://isohunt.nz/) - Video / Audio / Games / Software / Books
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [ExT](https://ext.to/), [2](https://site.extto.com/) - Video / Audio / Games / Software / Books
* [rutor.info](http://rutor.info) or [rutor.is](http://rutor.is/) - Video / Audio / Games / Software / Books / Roms / Magazines / Use [Translator](https://github.com/FilipePS/Traduzir-paginas-web#install)
* [NNM-Club](https://nnmclub.to/) - Video / Audio / Software / Games / [Note](https://i.ibb.co/MPRttDC/6a35c3c79cde.png)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [Torrentz2k](https://torrentz2k.xyz/) - Video / Audio / Software / Games / NSFW
2022-09-20 18:48:37 +00:00
* [Torrenting](https://www.torrenting.com/) - Video / Audio / Games / Software / Books / NSFW
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [Tigole](https://infogalactic.com/info/Tigole#Getting_Tigole_torrents) - Torrent Index
* [Telegram Torrents](https://duckduckgo.com/?q=site%3At.me+torrent&ia=web) - Telegram Torrent Channels
* [ZeroTorrent](http://127.0.0.1:43110/ZeroTorrent.bit/) - [ZeroNet Required](https://zeronet.io/) / Video / Audio / Software / Games
* [4chan /t/](https://boards.4chan.org/t/) - Torrents / Imageboard / Some NSFW
2023-03-22 02:48:14 +00:00
* [8kun /t/](https://8kun.top/index.html) - Torrents / Imageboard
2023-08-02 00:28:51 +00:00
* [DirtyWarez Tracker](https://dirtywarez.org/cat/tracker) or [OpenTrackers](https://opentrackers.org/links/publicly-tracked-torrents/) / [2](https://opentrackers.org/) - Torrent Site Indexes
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
2021-09-18 01:50:15 +00:00
## ▷ Aggregators
2023-01-20 00:39:45 +00:00
* **Note** - Some aggregators still include TPB, so it's best to avoid using them for software and games.
***
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
***[Torrentz2](https://torrentz2.nz/)**
2023-01-22 21:21:06 +00:00
***[BTDigg](https://btdig.com/index.htm)** - [.onion](http://btdigggink2pdqzqrik3blmqemsbntpzwxottujilcdjfz56jumzfsyd.onion/) / [i2p](http://btdigg.i2p/)
2022-10-20 23:45:38 +00:00
***[FileListing](https://filelisting.com)**
***[snowfl](https://snowfl.com/)**
***[Knaben](https://knaben.eu/)**
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [iDope](https://idope.se)
2021-09-18 01:50:15 +00:00
* [Bitsearch](https://bitsearch.to/)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [Torrent Finder](https://torrent-finder.com/)
* [TorrentDownload](https://www.torrentdownload.info/)
* [Dirty Torrents](https://dirtytorrents.com/)
* [TorrentQuest](https://torrentquest.com/)
2021-09-18 01:50:15 +00:00
* [TorrentHound](http://torrenthound.ee/)
2023-01-29 09:51:36 +00:00
* [LibTor](https://libtor.ch/)
2023-04-18 15:01:22 +00:00
* [DaMag](https://damag.net/)
* [Cleanbay](https://cleanbay.netlify.app/)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [Torrends](https://torrends.to/)
2021-09-19 04:21:26 +00:00
* [CloudTorrents](https://cloudtorrents.com/)
2022-11-26 16:54:00 +00:00
* [TNTBack](https://tntback.github.io/)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [BTMET](https://btmet.com/)
2023-05-29 04:36:01 +00:00
* [BT4G](https://bt4g.org/), [2](https://bt4gprx.com/)
2023-04-29 03:26:52 +00:00
* [Torlock](https://www.torlock.com/), [2](https://www.torlock2.com/)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [ExtraTorrent](https://extratorrent.unblockit.kim/)
* [Torrent Download](http://www.torentdownloads.narod.ru/)
2022-01-25 18:08:22 +00:00
* [Torrenteer](http://torrenteer.ddns.net/)
2023-06-05 03:02:09 +00:00
* [TorrentFunk](https://www.torrentfunk.com/)
2023-01-26 15:26:05 +00:00
* [TorrentProject2](https://torrentproject2.com/), [2](https://torrentproject2.net/)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [ciligou0](http://ciligou0.com/)
2021-11-05 10:48:10 +00:00
* [TorrentDB](https://torrentdb.li/)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [0Mag](https://www.0mag.net/), [2](https://9mag.net/), [3](https://3mag.net/)
* [TorrentDownloads](https://www.torrentdownloads.pro/)
* [concen](https://www.concen.org/torrents)
2023-08-10 23:44:22 +00:00
* [BTSearch](https://www.btsearch.love/)
2023-02-02 10:08:47 +00:00
* [EXT Torrents](https://extranet.torrentbay.to/)
2022-08-29 01:32:39 +00:00
* [SolidTorrents](https://solidtorrents.to/) - [/r/SolidTorrents](https://reddit.com/r/SolidTorrents)
2023-01-24 01:40:43 +00:00
* [TorrentSeeker](https://torrentseeker.com)
* [Torrentzeta](https://www.torrentzeta.com/)
* [Veoble](http://veoble.com/torrent/)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [TorrentSearchRobot](https://t.me/TorrentSearchRoBot) - Telegram Torrent Search
* [Torrents.csv](https://torrents-csv.ml/#/) - Torrent CSV Search
* [Magnetissimo](https://github.com/sergiotapia/magnetissimo) - Magnet Web App Search
2022-10-29 14:30:43 +00:00
* [Torrentinim](https://github.com/sergiotapia/torrentinim) - Self-Hosted Torrent Search Engine
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [torrentsearcher_bot](https://t.me/torrentsearcher_bot), [torrenthuntbot](https://t.me/torrenthuntbot) or [FDTorrentSearchBot](https://t.me/FDTorrentSearchBot) - Telegram Torrent Search Bot
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
## ▷ [Video Sites](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/video#wiki_.25BA_torrent_sites)
***
## ▷ [Anime Sites](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/video#wiki_.25B7_anime_torrenting)
***
2023-02-16 01:49:37 +00:00
## ▷ [Educational Sites](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/edu#wiki_.25BA_torrenting)
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
2023-02-18 03:49:44 +00:00
## ▷ [Game Sites](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/games#wiki_.25BA_download_games)
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
## ▷ [Audio Sites](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/audio#wiki_.25BA_audio_torrenting)
***
# ► Tracker Invites
2022-10-20 23:45:38 +00:00
***[Private Trackers General](https://rentry.co/private-trackers)** or [Private Trackers Guide](https://wiki.installgentoo.com/wiki/Private_trackers) - Private Tracker Guides
2023-04-25 21:39:21 +00:00
***[Graph](https://inviteroute.github.io/graph/)** - Private Tracker Connections Guide
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [TrackerStatus](https://trackerstatus.info/) - Tracker Status Updates
2023-07-07 02:53:00 +00:00
* [TrackerChecker](https://github.com/NDDDDDDDDD/TrackerChecker) - Check if Private Trackers Open Signups
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [Scene Related](https://opentrackers.org/links/warez-scene/#scenerelated) - Warez / Scene Site Index
2023-04-25 21:39:21 +00:00
* [/r/trackers](https://reddit.com/r/trackers)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [TheShow](http://theshow.click/) - Open Registrations
2023-07-22 20:03:01 +00:00
* [MyAnonaMouse](https://www.myanonamouse.net/) - Open Applications
2022-09-29 08:47:01 +00:00
* [hdvinnie](https://hdvinnie.github.io/Private-Trackers-Spreadsheet/) - Open Tracker Invites
2022-09-29 09:01:35 +00:00
* [Tracker Tracker](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1zYZ2107xOZwQ37AjLTc5A4dUJl0ilg8oMrZyA0BGvc0/) - Open Tracker Invites
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [Open for Signup](https://t.me/opensignup) - Open Signups Private Trackers / Telegram
2023-05-27 15:47:07 +00:00
* [Upload-Assistant](https://github.com/L4GSP1KE/Upload-Assistant) - Private Tracker Auto-Upload
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [Bemaniso](https://bemaniso.ws/) - Torrent Tracker / [Auto Transcode / Upload](https://github.com/doggo404/sowsbetter)
2023-05-16 02:04:05 +00:00
* [TrackerScreenshot](https://github.com/KlevGG/TrackerScreenshot) - Auto Screenshot Tracker Stats
2021-08-09 00:57:03 +00:00
***
# ► Helpful Sites / Apps
2022-12-29 12:01:44 +00:00
***[PreDB](https://predb.me/)** / [2](https://predb.de/), [PreDB Live](https://predb.live/), [M2V](https://m2v.ru/), [Xrel](https://www.xrel.to/) or [srrDB](https://www.srrdb.com/) - Scene Release Tracker
2022-10-20 23:45:38 +00:00
***[Tracker Lists](https://www.reddit.com/r/FREEMEDIAHECKYEAH/wiki/storage#wiki_tracker_lists)** - Updated lists of BitTorrent trackers
2023-08-22 05:31:06 +00:00
***[T2M](https://nutbread.github.io/t2m/)** / [2](https://github.com/nutbread/t2m) or [Torrent Kitty](https://www.torrentkitty.tv/) / [2](http://torrentkittyurl.com/tk/) / [3](https://www.torrentkitty.net/) / [4](https://www.torrentkitty.lol/) - Torrent to Magnet Converter
2023-06-28 15:09:32 +00:00
***[Magnet2Torrent](https://magnet2torrent.com/)** - Magnet to Torrent Converter
2023-07-07 02:53:00 +00:00
***[Auto Torrent Tools List](https://redd.it/hbwnb2)**, [Prowlarr](https://github.com/Prowlarr/Prowlarr), [FlexGet](https://flexget.com/) or [/r/softwarr](https://reddit.com/r/softwarr) - Autodownload Tools
* [Torrent Legality](https://i.ibb.co/HHqC4V2/11e244ddbdfb.png) - Torrenting Laws by Country
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [WarezBot](https://github.com/enzobes/WarezBot) - Discord Scene Release Tracker
* [btcache](https://btcache.me/), [iTorrents](https://itorrents.org) or [Torrage](https://torrage.info/) - Torrent Storage Cache
* [WebTorrent Checker](https://checker.openwebtorrent.com/) - Check Health of a Torrent
2023-08-27 15:16:00 +00:00
* [TorrentTags](https://torrenttags.com/) - Check Torrents for Copyright Claims
2023-05-12 07:02:52 +00:00
* [MagLit](https://maglit.me/) or [mgnet](http://mgnet.me/) - Magnet Link Shorteners
2023-03-02 07:26:41 +00:00
* [Magnet Link Generator](https://magnetlinkgenerator.com/) - Magnet Link Generator
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [RSSFeedz](https://t.me/rssfeedz) - Torrent RSS Feed
* [OpenWebTorrent](https://openwebtorrent.com/) - Free Webtorrent Tracker
2023-02-06 07:53:56 +00:00
* [AutoDL-Irssi](https://autodl-community.github.io/autodl-irssi/) - IRC Channel Monitor / Autodownload / [Slack Notifications](https://gist.github.com/Igglybuff/00d5e91274a562ac724d358bbbc8bc7b)
* [PrivTracker](https://privtracker.com/) - Private BitTorrent Tracker Generator / [GitHub](https://github.com/meehow/privtracker)
2022-04-13 08:29:27 +00:00
* [AnonSeed](https://www.anonseed.com/) - Anonymous Torrent Sharing
* [Torrent-Creator](https://github.com/Kimbatt/torrent-creator) - Browser Torrent Creator
* [Torrent Editor](http://torrenteditor.com/) or [Torrent Parts](https://torrent.parts/) - Edit Torrents Files
* [TorrentOpener](http://www.torrentopener.com/) - Torrent Metadata Viewer
* [bittorrent-tracker-editor](https://github.com/GerryFerdinandus/bittorrent-tracker-editor) - Add or Remove Trackers from Torrent Files
* [mktorrent](https://github.com/pobrn/mktorrent) - Metainfo File Creation CLI
* [/r/torrents](https://reddit.com/r/torrents) - Torrenting discussion sub
* [r/VPNTorrents](https://reddit.com/r/vpntorrents) - For Discussion of Torrenting over VPNs